Conjunctivitis, commonly known as Pink Eye, is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva — the thin, clear membrane that covers the white part of your eye and the inside of your eyelids. When irritated or infected, this membrane causes the eye to appear red, swollen, and sometimes produce discharge. It can affect one or both eyes and is very common.
Causes
1. Viral Conjunctivitis: Caused by viruses (often the same ones responsible for colds). Highly contagious and typically clears on its own in 1–2 weeks.
2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus or Streptococcus. Produces a thick yellow or green discharge and may require antibiotic drops.
3. Allergic Conjunctivitis: Triggered by allergens like pollen, dust, or pet dander. Not contagious and causes itchy, watery eyes.
4. Irritant Conjunctivitis: Caused by exposure to chemicals, smoke, or other irritants and improves when the cause is removed.
Common Symptoms
– Redness in the white of the eye or inner eyelids
– Watery or thick discharge
– Crusting on eyelashes (especially after sleep)
– Itching or burning sensation
– Sensitivity to light
– Gritty or foreign body sensation
Diagnosis
Your eye doctor can diagnose conjunctivitis through a simple eye exam. In certain cases, a swab may be taken to identify the cause, particularly if the infection is severe or recurrent.
Treatment
Viral Conjunctivitis: Usually clears on its own. Use cool compresses and artificial tears for comfort. Avoid touching or rubbing eyes to prevent spreading.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments prescribed by your doctor. Symptoms improve in a few days.
Allergic Conjunctivitis: Use antihistamine or anti-allergy drops. Avoid allergens and apply cool compresses.
Irritant Conjunctivitis: Rinse eyes with saline or clean water and avoid further exposure to the irritant.
Prevention Tips
– Wash hands frequently
– Avoid touching or rubbing eyes
– Do not share towels, washcloths, or cosmetics
– Properly clean and replace contact lenses
– Discard old eye makeup and solutions
Summary
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) is a common eye condition that can usually be treated easily, though some forms are contagious. Maintaining good hygiene and seeking timely care help prevent spreading and reduce discomfort. If you experience pain, vision changes, or light sensitivity, contact your eye doctor promptly.
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